Raws li peb txhua tus paub tias qhov tseeb ntawm cov duab ultrasound txiav txim siab seb peb qhov kev kuaj mob puas yog, Ntxiv rau qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab, peb yeej muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los txhim kho qhov pom tseeb ntawm daim duab.
Ntxiv rau qhov peb tau hais hauv tsab xov xwm dhau los, cov hauv qab no yuav cuam tshuam rau cov duab ultrasound.
1. Kev daws teeb meem
Muaj peb qhov kev daws teeb meem loj ntawm ultrasound: spatial daws teeb meem, lub sij hawm daws teeb meem, thiab kev daws teeb meem sib piv.
● Spatial daws teeb meem
Kev daws teeb meem spatial yog lub peev xwm ntawm ultrasound kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tob, muab faib ua axial daws teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem sab nraud.
Axial daws teeb meem yog lub peev xwm los paub qhov txawv ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia mus rau lub ultrasound beam (longitudinal), thiab yog proportional rau transducer zaus.
Qhov kev daws teeb meem axial ntawm qhov kev sojntsuam siab yog siab, tab sis tib lub sijhawm qhov attenuation ntawm lub suab nthwv dej hauv cov ntaub so ntswg kuj ntau dua, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev daws teeb meem siab axial ntawm cov qauv ntiav, thaum lub axial daws teeb meem ntawm qhov tob. cov qauv kuj tsis tshua muaj, yog li kuv xav txhim kho Axial daws teeb meem ntawm cov qauv sib sib zog nqus, los ntawm kev nqa cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau zaus ze rau lub hom phiaj (xws li, transesophageal echocardiography) lossis los ntawm kev hloov mus rau cov transducers tsawg zaus.Qhov no yog vim li cas nws thiaj li pom zoo kom siv high-frequency probes rau superficial ntaub so ntswg ultrasound thiab tsawg zaus probes rau cov ntaub so ntswg sib sib zog nqus ultrasound.
Lateral daws teeb meem yog lub peev xwm los paub qhov txawv ob lub ntsiab lus perpendicular rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub ultrasonic beam (kab rov tav).Ntxiv nrog rau qhov sib npaug rau qhov zaus ntawm qhov kev sojntsuam, nws kuj tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov tsom.Qhov dav ntawm ultrasonic beam yog qhov nqaim tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam tsom, yog li Lateral daws teeb meem yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua kom pom tseeb.Saum toj no peb tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov zaus thiab qhov ua kom pom tseeb ntawm qhov kev sojntsuam yog ze ze rau qhov kev daws teeb meem spatial ntawm ultrasound.1
Daim duab 1
● Kev daws teeb meem ib ntus
Kev daws teeb meem ib ntus, tseem hu ua tus ncej tus nqi, hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov ncej ib ob ntawm cov duab.Ultrasound kis tau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm pulses, thiab cov mem tes tom ntej no tsuas yog kis tau tom qab lub yav dhau los mem tes rov qab mus rau lub ultrasound sojntsuam.
Lub sijhawm daws teeb meem tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog qhov tob thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab lus focal.Qhov ntau dua qhov tob thiab cov ntsiab lus focal ntau dua, qhov qis dua qhov pulse repetition zaus thiab qis dua tus ncej.Qhov kev yees duab qeeb dua, cov ntaub ntawv tsawg dua tau ntes nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv.Feem ntau thaum tus ncej tus nqi qis dua 24 ntas / s, cov duab yuav flicker.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tshuaj loog, thaum rab koob txav nrawm los yog cov tshuaj txhaj tshuaj sai, tus ncej qis yuav ua rau cov duab tsis pom kev, yog li kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub cev yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev pom ntawm rab koob thaum lub sij hawm puncture.
Kev daws teeb meem sib piv yog hais txog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws grey nplai qhov sib txawv uas qhov ntsuas tau paub qhov txawv.Dynamic ntau yam muaj feem xyuam nrog kev sib piv, qhov loj dua qhov sib txawv, qhov sib txawv qis dua, cov duab zoo dua, thiab siab dua qhov muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas ob cov ntaub so ntswg los yog cov khoom zoo sib xws (Daim duab 2).
Daim duab 2
2. zaus
Zaus yog ncaj qha proportional rau spatial daws teeb meem thiab inversely proportional rau ultrasound nkag (Daim duab 3).High zaus, luv wavelength, loj attenuation, tsis zoo nkag mus, thiab siab spatial daws teeb meem.
Daim duab 3
Hauv kev ua haujlwm kho mob, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb, yog li cov kab hluav taws xob ntau zaus tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov kws kho mob txhua hnub, tab sis thaum ntsib cov neeg mob rog lossis lub hom phiaj sib sib zog nqus (xws li lumbar plexus), Ib qho qis qis qis. kev sojntsuam kuj tseem ceeb.
Feem ntau ntawm cov tam sim no ultrasonic probes yog broadband, uas yog lub hauv paus rau realizing zaus conversion tshuab.Kev hloov pauv zaus txhais tau hais tias qhov ua haujlwm zaus ntawm qhov kev sojntsuam tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau thaum siv tib qhov kev sojntsuam.Yog hais tias lub hom phiaj yog superficial, xaiv lub siab zaus;yog tias lub hom phiaj tob, xaiv qhov tsawg zaus.
Noj Sonosite ultrasound ua piv txwv, nws zaus hloov dua siab tshiab muaj 3 hom, xws li Res (kev daws teeb meem, yuav muab qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws), Gen (general, yuav muab qhov sib npaug zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev nkag mus), cwj mem (kev nkag mus, yuav muab qhov kev nkag mus zoo tshaj plaws. ).Yog li ntawd, hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, nws yuav tsum tau kho raws li qhov tob ntawm lub hom phiaj.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-10-2023
